Rory McAtee

Novartis’ HRO761 is an oral allosteric WRN helicase inhibitor, aimed at treating MSI-high and dMMR tumors. This article details the discovery of HRO761 and highlights the importance of selecting appropriate assays during early HTS as well as transferable medicinal chemistry strategies to optimize permeability and solubility through the modulation of LipE, neutral TPSA, chameleonicity, and non-classical zwitterions. It also explores the X-ray structure of HRO761 bound to WRN, how it differentiates from Vividion's VVD-214, its preclinical activity, clinical status, chemical synthesis, and more!

In June, we saw several FDA approvals for treatments targeting primary biliary cholangitis and COPD. The industry witnessed multibillion- and multimillion-dollar deals across various therapeutic areas. Advances were made in obesity therapeutics, with novel targets and clinical readouts for GLP-1 agonists and NLRP3 inhibitors. Alkermes and Takeda reported results for OX2R agonists in narcolepsy, while an antimalarial drug showed promise in PCOS. Despite these advancements, there were clinical trial failures for key molecules. Here's a recap of the most notable news highlights from June 2024!

To select May’s Molecules of the Month, our team evaluated hundreds of molecules from thousands of papers, press releases, conference presentations, and other materials. Check out our curated roundup of more than 60 additional molecules below that caught our interest from May, including highlights of some of our favorites, and perspectives on why these are molecules to watch.

ORIC-944 is a second-generation, orally bioavailable PRC2 inhibitor, targeting the allosteric EED subunit. EZH2 inhibitors typically require frequent dosing due to poor drug-like properties. This article describes the previously undisclosed structure-based design of ORIC-944 into a potential best-in-class PRC2 inhibitor with enhanced solubility, metabolic stability, and prolonged clinical half-life compared to EZH2 inhibitors. It also highlights ORIC-944's capability to reprogram refractory, AR-independent prostate tumors to an AR-dependent state, the synthesis, clinical data, and more!

In May 2024, several significant transactions worth millions and billions of dollars took place to advance next-generation neuroplastogens, KRAS G12C inhibitors, Pompe disease treatments, and molecular glues. We also highlight positive clinical readouts for hot targets such as tetrameric transthyretin (TTR) stabilizers, Hedgehog pathway inhibitors, plasma kallikrein inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase 1 (DPP-1) inhibitors, and PCSK9 inhibitors. Here's a recap of the most notable news highlights from May 2024!

Cerevance’s CVN293 is an oral, CNS-penetrant, selective inhibitor of potassium efflux-mediated NLRP3-inflammasome activation in microglia for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Cerevance’s NETSseq platform was used to discover a microglia-specific potassium efflux channel, KCNK13, which allows modulation of the NLRP3-inflammasome in the CNS without affecting peripheral innate immunity. Read the full article to discover highlights on the CNS-penetration of highly polar compounds and how particle size can be key to oral bioavailability

To select April’s Molecules of the Month, our team evaluated hundreds of molecules from thousands of papers, press releases, conference presentations, and other materials. Here we’ve curated a roundup of more than 60 additional molecules that caught our interest from April, along with highlights we found most notable.

In the aftermath of the thalidomide tragedy, the FDA advised excluding females in the childbearing age from early-stage clinical trials. However, this policy resulted in the prolonged underrepresentation of women in clinical research, limiting knowledge about how drugs affect genders differently. Recent policy changes, including the NIH's emphasis on considering sex as a biological variable, aim to reduce these disparities by promoting more diverse clinical trial participation. This article explores the current landscape of endometriosis therapies and how it relates to women’s healthcare.

TNG348 is a synthetic lethal inhibitor of USP1 by Tango Therapeutics. Inhibiting USP1 disrupts DNA repair and replication mechanisms leading to the selective death of BRCA1/2-mutant cancer cells. Despite the clinical benefit of PARPi in treating BRCA-mutated or HRD+ tumors, some patients exhibit an inadequate response or develop resistance. USP1 inhibitors may hold promise in meeting this unmet clinical demand. This case study highlights USP1 as a synthetic lethal target, the current competitive landscape, how the Tango team overcame high microsomal clearance and hERG liabilities, and more.

There has been substantial interest in the development of screening methods capable of surveying a wider sample of chemical space and larger numbers of compounds. Over the past two decades, DEL technology has evolved into a broadly utilized and validated platform in drug discovery, yielding diverse hits for a wide range of biologically relevant targets. Read the full review for a historical and technical overview of DEL technology, including how libraries are prepared and screened, a comparison to other HTS methods, and examples of successful applications in drug discovery.

BLU-222 is a potential first-in-class, orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of CDK2 discovered and currently in development by Blueprint Medicines for the treatment of advanced solid tumors. Read the full case study to learn about the competitive landscape of CDK inhibitors, the discovery story enabled by the DiscoveRx KINOMEscan screening platform, how exquisite kinome selectivity can be achieved despite ~100% active site sequence similarity between CDK1/2, how this molecule can potentially treat CCNE1-amplified and CDK4/6i-resistant tumor models, interim clinical data, and more.

In April 2024, there were promising examples of drug repurposing, significant clinical and regulatory milestones for therapies aimed at rare and pediatric diseases, the initiation of a rolling NDA submission for suzetrigine, substantial billion-dollar acquisitions, and positive trial results were reported for both a D1/D5 receptor agonist and a PARP1 inhibitor. However, the industry also had setbacks as demonstrated by the failed clinical trials for an MNK inhibitor and an NMDA receptor modulator. In case you missed anything, here’s a recap of the most notable news highlights from April 2024!

Throughout each month, the Drug Hunter team evaluates hundreds of molecules found in thousands of papers, press releases, conference presentations, and other materials to pick contenders for Molecules of the Month. Here, we curated a roundup of nearly 70 additional molecules that caught our interest from March 2024, including highlights from some of our favorites.

Deciphera’s DCC-3116 is an oral ULK1/2 inhibitor targeting the autophagy pathway, a key mechanism of tumor survival and resistance to targeted therapy. Currently in two open-label Ph. I/II trials as a monotherapy and in combination with RTK pathway inhibitors, the structure and discovery of this first-in-class compound were recently presented at the ACS Spring 2024 meeting.

VVD-214/RO7589831 is an oral covalent, reversible, and allosteric inhibitor of WRN helicase discovered by the San Diego-based biotech Vividion Therapeutics and being developed by Roche for tumors marked by microsatellite instability and/or mismatch repair deficiency. Vividion has utilized its chemoproteomics platform to discover and develop novel treatment options for oncology targets. The structure and initial preclinical pharmacology data for VVD-214 were recently disclosed at the AACR Annual Meeting 2024 in San Diego. VVD-214 is currently being evaluated in a Ph. I trial.

Peptidic GLP-1R agonists have received significant media coverage over the past year for their astounding efficacy in several indications. While most of the recent fanfare has been related to their role in weight loss, GLP-1R agonists have been a mainstay of the type 2 diabetes treatment landscape for the past 2 decades. GLP-1R agonists have also recently shown efficacy in reducing heart disease risk and treating certain chronic kidney diseases. Here’s a recap of the March 14th, 2024, Flash Talk, from Oliver Philps.

If you are as excited as we are about this new era of non-opioid pain management and want to learn more, explore our series of articles that unravel the fascinating history of target validation of voltage-gated sodium channels, showcase the breakthroughs achieved so far, and look forward to what lies ahead for the industry.

Drug Hunter offers industry professionals a faster way to find and absorb the latest research and insights in drug discovery. It is a curated collection of the most relevant and transferable scientific knowledge so you can spend less time weeding through the noise and more time turning molecules into medicines. But we also love hearing from you, the drug hunters in the field.

The discovery that individuals with null mutations in the NaV1.7 exhibited pain insensitivity sparked interest in targeting NaV1.7 to potentially treat pain. Despite the potential of selectively inhibiting sodium channels like NaV1.7, NaV1.8, and NaV1.9 for pain management, developing selective inhibitors suitable for clinical use has proven challenging. This article complements our coverage of VX-548, NaV1.8 as a critical target in pain management, and our NaV1.8 compound roundup and provides a reminder of noteworthy preclinical and clinical NaV1.7 small molecule inhibitors as of April 2024.

ORIC-533, a potential best-in-class oral inhibitor of CD73 from ORIC Pharmaceuticals, is currently in a Ph. Ib trial for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). It inhibits the CD73-mediated conversion of AMP to adenosine which generates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and has the potential to be a next-generation immunotherapy. The in-depth use of X-ray structures led the team to discover a novel set of phosphonate bioisosteres which acheived bioavailability in a polar scaffold. The structure and discovery of ORIC-533 were recently disclosed at the ACS Spring 2024 Meeting.

The "New Drugs on the Horizon" sessions at the AACR Annual Meeting 2024 in San Diego revealed twelve innovative oncology agents and offered attendees a first look at their structures and preliminary data as they enter/progress in the clinic. In case you missed any of these exciting compounds – including selective CDK inhibitors, molecular glues, bifunctional degraders, a radiopharmaceutical, a bifunctional antibody, and an ADC – this article covers the structures and targets disclosed. A separate session disclosed the structure of a pan-RAS isoform inhibitor with remarkable clinical results.

Companies inked notable high-profile transactions in March 2024, including AbbVie's purchase of Landos Biopharma for $137.5M, AstraZeneca's $2.4B acquisition of Fusion Pharmaceuticals, and its subsequent deal to buy Amolyt for up to $1.05B. The FDA approved the first treatment for MASH. In parallel, expectations are high for the approval of Xcovery's ALK inhibitor, ensartinib. Praxis made headlines with PRAX-628, a next-generation oral NaV modulator, which showed anti-seizure efficacy in a Ph. IIa trial. Read below for more details on these and other drug discovery news stories from March 2024

We asked the global drug discovery community to nominate and vote on their favorite molecule from 2023, and the results are in. The 2023 winner, with the most votes between ten molecules, is Merck’s oral macrocyclic peptide inhibitor of PCSK9, MK-0616, derived from mRNA display technology and shown to have clinical efficacy. Herein, we highlight what makes MK-0616 so impressive to the drug discovery community.

MK-1084 is an oral covalent inhibitor of KRAS(G12C) being developed by Merck (as part of a collaboration with Taiho and Astex), which is currently in a Ph. I trial (NCT05067283) for the treatment of solid tumors either as a monotherapy or in combination with their checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy pembrolizumab (Keytruda™). The medicinal chemistry story was recently presented at the ACS Spring 2024 meeting in New Orleans, following a presentation of the Ph. I interim results by Merck at ESMO in Oct. 2023.

The team reviews hundreds of compounds from thousands of papers, press releases, and other sources each month to select candidates for Molecules of the Month. Here we have compiled a table of >60 additional molecules that were of interest in February 2024 along with some highlights from some of our favorites below.

February 2024 was filled with notable scientific achievements and partnerships. Gilead and Novartis inked billion-dollar acquisitions, and Novo Nordisk and NeoMorph agreed to a $1.46B deal to discover molecular glue degraders. Additionally, Vertex introduced a promising new treatment for cystic fibrosis that is potentially superior to Trikafta. Takeda also made strides by advancing their OX2R agonist TAK-861, for treating narcolepsy type 1, into Ph. III clinical trials. Read this news roundup for more details on these and other drug discovery news stories that you may have missed from Feb 2024

The highly anticipated First Time Disclosures session at the ACS Spring 2024 Meeting in New Orleans, organized by Nicole Goodwin and H. Rachel Lagiakos, presented a variety of new orally available small molecules. In case you missed any of these exciting molecules, from Oric’s CD73 inhibitor to Deciphera’s first-in-class ULK1/2 inhibitor, this article provides the structures and targets for the novel molecules disclosed at the session.

From WRN helicase to KRAS G12V, there were numerous hot targets of interest with patent applications published in January 2024. Here, we curated a searchable table comprising key information for more than 200 patents from January 2024 of potential interest to drug hunters, along with highlights from some of our favorites, including several degraders and molecules targeting Nrf2, KRAS G12V, MAGL, WRN, among others.

The team reviews hundreds of compounds from thousands of papers, press releases, and other sources each month to select candidates for Molecules of the Month. Here we have compiled a table of >70 additional molecules that were of interest in January 2024 along with highlights from some of our favorites, including molecules targeting SOS1, NLRP3, SMARCA2, and more.

NaV1.8, a member of the voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV) family, is predominantly expressed in peripheral sensory neurons. Based on rodent NaV1.8 knockout and knockdown studies and a 2012 report of gain-of-function mutations in humans, NaV1.8 has been linked to nociceptive, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain, including chronic neuropathic pain. This compound roundup provides a historical recap of both preclinical and clinical NaV1.8 inhibitors that shaped the landscape for the new era of pain management we are witnessing today.

With increasingly tight timelines between bench and clinic, considering formulation strategies early on can give your program a competitive edge. This succinct formulations guide provides specific clinically-used examples of common formulations, and can help you select a formulation strategy most likely to succeed based on the properties of your compound.

The impact of small and mid-sized biotech companies has become increasingly important. The shift from large pharma dominance to a biotech-driven era of drug discovery presents challenges to the traditional model of education for emerging medicinal chemists. Industry leader Dean Brown recently highlighted challenges for modern medicinal chemists starting in biotech who face fewer mentoring opportunities and are often propelled into leadership positions sooner than their counterparts in big pharma. Here we share how our team of former industry scientists at Drug Hunter can help.

Vertex’s VX-548 is a potential first-in-class, exquisitely selective, oral NaV1.8 inhibitor that recently captured headlines for its positive Ph. III data. With the ongoing opioid epidemic throughout the US, there is an urgent unmet medical need for non-addictive pain medications as alternatives to opioids. They plan to file an NDA by mid-2024 for the treatment of moderate-to-severe acute pain. This case study highlights what’s publicly known about Vertex’s journey in pain leading up to the Ph. III readout for VX-548, and why this is such a watershed moment for pain management.

GDC-1971 is an orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of the SHP2 phosphatase discovered by Relay Therapeutics, and in clinical development by Genentech both as a monotherapy and in combination with several anticancer therapies. SHP2 inhibitors are being hotly pursued since they may combine with numerous classes of clinically important agents. This article provides a primer on SHP2 as an oncology target, the disclosed molecules in the space, how RLY-1971 was identified, and what the industry is watching for.

RLY-2608 is an oral, mutant-selective PI3Kα allosteric inhibitor by Relay Therapeutics. Current FDA-approved PI3Kα modulator (alpelisib) and a clinically advanced molecule (inavolisib) are limited by their off-target toxicities associated with the inhibition of WT PI3Kα, leading to hyperglycemia and rash. RLY-2608 is currently in a Ph. I as a single agent and in combination with fulvestrant for HR+/HER2- breast cancer treatment. This article reviews the discovery of RLY-2608, its mechanism of mutant selectivity, how it compares to other molecules, recent clinical developments, and more.

Kymera's KT-474 is the first oral degrader to demonstrate activity in clinical trials outside cancer and Sanofi recently started a Ph. II trial with the molecule in AD, restoring life to IRAK4 as an immunology target. This article highlights why Kymera’s KT-474 program is scientifically notable, including how it differentiates from small molecule inhibitors, potential competitiveness with biologics, the first reported cryo-EM ternary complex of a heterobifunctional degrader, and why this 2023 Molecule of the Year Nominee will likely be considered a “landmark in drug discovery” for some time.

NT-0796 is NodThera's pro-drug inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome. NT-0796 is currently in a Ph. Ib/IIa trial in obese individuals at risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. NT-0796 has the potential to reduce neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease. The NLRP3 inflammasome has emerged as a hot target due to its connection to Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, gout, and other diseases. Here is a detailed review of the role of NLRP3 inhibition in treating atherosclerosis, how NT-0796 was identified and what makes it special, clinical development, and more.

The accelerated approvals of Ras(OFF)-targeting KRAS G12C inhibitors sotorasib and adagrasib, decades in the making, marked the beginning of a new phase of KRAS drug discovery. While an increasing number of follow-on KRAS inhibitors are emerging with similar mechanisms of action, Revolution Medicines’ 2023 Molecule of the Year Nominee, RMC-6291, is representative of a completely novel approach that could become a strong addition to the clinical toolbox for KRAS, but also serves as proof-of-concept for a new class of small molecule therapeutics entirely.

M4205 (IDRX-42) is a highly selective type II receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of KIT, discovered by Merck KGaA and currently being developed by IDRx. The molecule is a notable example of kinase selectivity achieved with a non-classical hinge binder. M4205 (IDRX-42) has received an Orphan Drug designation and is currently being evaluated in a Ph. I/Ib FIH trial for GIST, one of the most common mesenchymal neoplasms in the GI tract.

Bexotegrast is a dual-selective αvβ6-αvβ1 integrin inhibitor with surprising efficacy and safety data from a Ph. II trial in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The αv integrins have been studied for decades in indications such as cancer and IPF. Both small molecule and antibody-based integrin inhibitors have demonstrated preclinical toxicities in non-human primates. This article highlights the unmet need for effective therapies for IPF and related conditions, a comparison of bexotegrast with other integrin binders, and possible reasons why bexotegrast is different in terms of safety.

Vadadustat (Vafseo) from Akebia Therapeutics is an oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (HIF-PHD) inhibitor developed for anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It received FDA approval on March 27th, 2024 for patients on dialysis for at least three months, after regulatory challenges including an earlier complete response letter due to safety concerns. This makes vadadustat the second FDA-approved HIF-PHD inhibitor for the treatment of anemia in CKD for dialysis-dependent patients after GSK’s daprodustat’s approval in Feb. 2023.